The new process for picking Election Commissioners, what led to it
- The present Election Commissioner of India is set to retire soon.
- His successor will be chosen through a consultative process for the first time.
Committee Composition and Selection Process for Election Commissioner
- The selection will be made by a committee including the Prime Minister, Lok Sabha Leader of Opposition, and a Union minister.
- Similar committee previously appointed the Lokpal and Central Vigilance Commissioner.
- The two other members of the Commission are Chief Election Commissioner Rajiv Kumar and Arun Goel.
- Selection will be from five names shortlisted by a screening panel.
- Past appointments were made solely at the government's discretion.
Supreme Court’s Intervention in the Selection Process for Election Commissioners
- Four petitions were filed before the Supreme Court urging fair and transparent selection process.
- The Supreme Court referred the matter to the Constitution bench for interpretation of Article 324.
- The Centre opposed Supreme Court intervention in appointments.
- Government argued the President has constitutional power to appoint Election Commissioners without a law from Parliament.
- Government maintained existing procedure had been consistently relied upon.
Supreme Court’s Ruling
- The Supreme Court ruling on March 2, 2023, laid down a process for appointment.
- Appointments were to be made by the President on advice of a Committee comprising the PM, Leader of Opposition, and Chief Justice of India.
- Norms in ruling were subject to any future law by Parliament.
Historical Context and Prior Proposals
- The past committees and Law Commission reports also made recommendations in this regard.
- Previous recommendations emphasized the need for a consultative process involving key stakeholders.
Parliamentary Response and Passing of Bill
- The Centre Government introduced a Bill in August outlining appointment procedure.
- Bill passed in December, 2023 establishes a committee with the PM, Leader of Opposition, and nominated Cabinet Minister.
- Composition in the bill was criticised for potentially undermining the Election Commission's independence.
Conclusion
- The bill passed by Parliament and assented by the President marks a significant change in the Election Commission appointment process.
- Controversy surrounding the committee's composition raises questions about its impact on the Commission's autonomy.