Nobel Prize in Physics 2024: John J. Hopfield and Geoffrey E. Hinton Honored for Advancements in Machine Learning
| Summary/Static | Details |
|---|---|
| Why in the news? | Nobel Prize in Physics 2024 awarded to John J. Hopfield and Geoffrey E. Hinton |
| Nobel Prize in Physics 2024 | John J. Hopfield (Princeton University, USA) and Geoffrey E. Hinton (University of Toronto, Canada) |
| Awarded For | Foundational discoveries and inventions enabling machine learning with artificial neural networks |
| Key Contributions | - John Hopfield: Created an associative memory model for storing and recalling patterns, such as images. Inspired by atomic spin physics, the model minimizes energy to retrieve stored patterns. - Geoffrey Hinton: Developed the Boltzmann machine, a model for learning and recognizing patterns in data. Uses statistical physics to classify and generate data. |
| Impact | Revolutionized AI and machine learning. Applied in various domains, including physics, for tasks like discovering new materials. |
| About Nobel Prize | Established by Alfred Nobel (1895). Awarded for contributions that "confer the greatest benefit to humankind." The Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. |
| Prize Money | 2024 Nobel Prize value: SEK 11.0 million per full Nobel Prize. |
| Nobel Prize Categories | Physics, Chemistry, Physiology/Medicine, Literature, Peace (and Economics since 1968). |
| About John J. Hopfield | Born 1933 in Chicago, IL, USA. PhD 1958 from Cornell University. Professor at Princeton University. |
| About Geoffrey E. Hinton | Born 1947 in London, UK. PhD 1978 from The University of Edinburgh. Professor at University of Toronto. |