India-Brazil Strategic Partnership
1. Foundation & Context
- Elevated to Strategic Partnership: 2006.
- 2025 Visit: PM Modi’s state visit to Brazil (8 July 2025) for BRICS Summit.
- Shared Values: Anti-colonialism, Global South solidarity, UNSC reform advocacy.
Key Agreements & Cooperation Areas
I. Defense & Security
- New Agreements Signed:
- Mutual Protection of Classified Information.
- Combating Terrorism & Transnational Crime.
- Initiatives:
- Bilateral Cybersecurity Dialogue.
- Space cooperation (satellites, launch tech, ISRO-Brazil Space Agency).
- Global Stance:
- Condemned Pahalgam terror attack; called for united action against LeT, JeM.
- Support for UN Cybercrime Convention (Signing in Hanoi, 2025).
II. Food Security
- Goals: Eradicate hunger by 2030; support Global Alliance Against Hunger & Poverty.
- Cooperation:
- Sustainable agriculture, R&D in animal genetics.
- Defended public stockholding for food security at WTO.
- Trade Stance: Oppose protectionism disguised as environmental/climate measures.
- Scheme Link: National Food Security Act (NFSA), PM-KISAN.
III. Energy & Climate
- Biofuels Alliance: Joint leadership (founding members).
- COP30 (2025, Belém):
- India supports Brazil’s presidency.
- Tropical Forests Forever Fund (Brazil’s initiative).
- Clean Energy: Focus on Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF), solar (ISA), disaster resilience (CDRI).
- NOTE: Net-zero pledges, Climate Finance, "Baku to Belém Roadmap" ($1.3 trn).
IV. Digital & Tech
- MoU Signed: Sharing Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) models (e.g., India Stack).
- Focus Areas:
- AI governance (India to host 2026 AI Summit).
- Quantum tech, startups, R&D.
- GS III Link: Digital India, AI Regulation.
V. Industrial Partnerships
- Sectors: Pharma, Defense Equipment, Mining, Oil & Gas.
- Pharma: Local production of generics/APIs in Brazil; joint R&D for tropical diseases.
- Critical Minerals: Supply chain collaboration (for EVs, renewables).
- Trade Boost: Fast-tracking Bilateral Investment Treaty (2020) & amended Tax Treaty (2022).
Global Governance & Multilateralism
- UNSC Reform: Mutual support for permanent seats; Brazil backs India’s 2028-29 non-permanent bid.
- Key Positions:
- Two-state solution for Israel-Palestine; support for UNRWA.
- Peace in Ukraine via diplomacy.
- Reform of IMF/WTO for developing nations.
Other Areas & MOUs Signed
- Cultural: Renewed Cultural Exchange Programme (2025-29).
- Education: Student exchange programs (Brazil’s PEC, India’s ICCR scholarships).
- New MOUs:
- Renewable Energy
- Agricultural Research (EMBRAPA-ICAR)
- IP Cooperation (DPIIT-MDIC)
Tip: Map each pillar to India’s foreign policy goals – SAGAR (Security), LiFE (Climate), "Developed India 2047".