| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Establishment of ECI | Established in 1950 as a one-member body; became a three-member body in 1989. |
| Headquarters | Located at Nirvachan Sadan, New Delhi. |
| Leadership | Led by the Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) and two Election Commissioners; decisions taken by majority vote. |
| State and District-Level Management | Supervised by Chief Electoral Officer (CEO) at the state level and District Election Officers, Electoral Registration Officers, and Returning Officers at the district level. |
| Appointment Process | Governed by the Chief Election Commissioner and Other Election Commissioners Act, 2023; selected by a committee led by the Prime Minister, Leader of Opposition, and a Union Minister. |
| Term of Office | CEC serves up to 6 years or until 65 years, whichever is earlier; removable only through impeachment. |
| Key Functions | Manages elections as per Article 324; decides election dates, issues Model Code of Conduct, registers political parties, prepares voter lists, monitors election spending, ensures fair voting. |
| Model Code of Conduct | Introduced in 1971; guides political parties and candidates for clean campaigning and fairness. |
| Voter Registration | Updates electoral rolls and issues EPIC cards (Voter ID cards); accepts alternative documents like ration cards where necessary. |
| Election Spending Monitoring | Candidates must follow spending limits; Income Tax officers track expenses; candidates submit spending records post-election. |
| Use of EVMs | Introduced in 1982 (first trial in Kerala); manufactured by Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) and Electronics Corporation of India Limited (ECIL). |
| VVPAT | Voter-Verified Paper Audit Trail first tested in 2013; used nationwide for transparency. |
| NOTA Option | Introduced in 2014; allows voters to choose None of the Above if they do not wish to vote for any candidate. |
| Postal Voting | Allowed for armed forces, police personnel, government staff abroad, detainees, senior citizens (80+), and persons with disabilities. |
| Special Assistance for Disabled Voters | Provides sign language support and home voting for eligible voters with disabilities. |
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